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Class 10th Maths

WORDS DENOTING AGE

 DENARIAN a person between 10 and 19 years old

 VICENARIAN a person between 20 and 29 years old

 TRICENARIAN a person between 30 and 39 years old

 QUADRAGENARIAN a person between 40 and 49 years old

 QUINQUAGENARIAN a person between 50 and 59 years old

 SEXAGENARIAN a person between 60 and 69 years old

 SEPTUAGENARIAN a person between 70 and 79 years old

 OCTOGENARIAN a person between 80 and 89 years old

 NONAGENARIAN a person between 90 and 99 years old

 CENTENARIAN a person between 100 and 109 years old

 SUPERCENTENARIAN a person 110 years old or older

 METHUSELAH a person who is very old

ENGLISH BY GULSHAN UPADHYAY

MOB- 9068312384

COLLECTIVE NOUN

CENTRAL IDEA -- MY MOTHER AT SIXTY SIX

In this poem, the poet relates a personal experience. She brings out a common paradox of human relationships and portrays a sensational separation of a mother and a daughter. She has been able to capture almost all the emotions which a daughter is filled with, on bidding farewell to her beloved mother. Sometimes we do feel deep sympathy for someone but we fail to express it in a proper manner.

CENTRAL IDEA -- KEEPING QUIET

In this poem, Pablo Neruda has emphasised the importance of introspection. Man has become very selfish and his own action cause him many miseries. The world today stands divided by the man made boundries of caste, creed, race, religion, language, culture, nationality and geographical division.We need to rise above these small issues and lock at the larger picture. The poet talks about the necessity of cresting a feeling of mutual understanding among human beings and discusses the need of maintaining peace.

CENTRAL IDEA -- A THING OF BEAUTY

The central idea of the poem ‘A Thing of Beauty’ composed by John Keats is that –
The poem ‘A Thing of Beauty’ gives us a message that a thing of beauty is a joy for ever. It never ends. A thing of beauty gives us encouragement to go forward and work hard. Our earth is full of innumerable beautiful things. A thing of beauty moves away the pall of misery, sorrow and disappointments of our life. The mighty deads are also a thing of beauty because they had done their best for the society. All the beautiful things are like an endless fountain, sent by God. 

Figure of speech

A figure of speech is a deviation from the ordinary use of words in order to increase their effectiveness. It is also known as a rhetorical figure too because it produces a rhetorical effect. It deviates a statement from its real meaning or common usage to create a new required effect.

Types of Figure Of Speech

1. Simile -

 In a simile, two things which are completely unlocked are compared with each other. A simile is introduced by words such as like, so, as etc.

Examples - 

The flower is as pretty as a picture.

He is as sober as a judge.

The floor was as slippery as an eel.

They looked like peas in a pod.

He eats like a pig.

2. Metaphor - 

When you compare two unlike or different things or ideas, it is known as a metaphor. It is an informal or implied simile in which the words ‘like’ ‘as’ are avoided. 

For example, He is like a Giant - Simile and He is a Giant - Metaphor. 

Examples -

You are the apple of my eye.

Ocean’s sound is music to my ear.

Heart of gold.

He is a night owl.

Time is money.

3. Personification - 

In Personification, non-living things,  abstract ideas or qualities are mentioned as humans or living things.

Example -

Angry clouds surrounded the island.

Earth was thirsty for water.

The flowers talked to them in the garden.

The wind howled that night.The snowflakes danced at night.

4. Apostrophe - 

In this figure of speech, the writer mentions the absent or inanimate objects as alive and writes about them.

Example -

“O, Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?”

“Twinkle, twinkle, little star, how I wonder what you are”

5. Oxymoron - 

An Oxymoron is when two words are used together in a sentence but they seem to be in contrast with each other. An oxymoron is a figure of speech that willingly uses two differing ideas. This contradiction creates a paradoxical image in the reader or listener's mind that creates a new concept or meaning for the whole.

Example -

Life is bittersweet.

They knew they could feel the joyful sadness on his arrival.

Sweet sorrow.Peace force.

Free market.

Jumbo ant.

6. Hyperbole - 

Hyperbole is when you use words to exaggerate what you mean or emphasize a point. It is used to make something seem bigger or more important than it actually is.

Example -

 It has been ages since I have had a proper meal.

Usain Bolt runs faster than the wind.

I could do this forever.

She’s older than this world.

Everybody knows me.

7. Pun - 

A pun is generally used in plays where one word has two different meanings. It is used to create humour. Humorous use of words of different meanings or the words of the same sound but different meanings is known as Pun.

Example -

A bicycle can’t stand on its own because it is two-tired.

Where do you find giant snails?

 On the ends of the giants' fingers.

8. Alliteration - 

It is a series of words, which commence with the same letter. Alliteration consists of the repetition of a sound or of a letter at the beginning of two or more words.

For Example -

Dirty dolphins dove across the ocean.

Purple pandas painted portraits.

 She sells seashells.

Nick needed new notebooks.

Fred fried frogs’ legs on Friday.

9. Onomatopoeia -

 It is the figure of speech where the word is used to describe a sound. When we explain any action by putting the sounds into language, it is known as onomatopoeia. It is generally used in fiction or in nursery rhymes, for eg- Old Macdonald had a farm E-I-E-I-O. Words like whoosh, splat, buzz, oink, click, etc., are used to create this effect. 

Example -

I could hear the leaves rustling and the wind howling.

 Bam! He hit the truck at the speed of 80 kmph.

CLASS 12TH FLAMINGO CHAPTER 1 SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

QUE.1. Why was Franz in great fear when he started for school ?

Ans. Franz was in great fear when he started for school because he was in great fear of scolding for he had not learnt his lesson on participles, he was very late.

Que.2. What tempted franz to run away and spend the day out of doors ?                  

   Ans. Franz tempted to run away and spend the day out of doors for the birds were chirping at the edge of the woods . In the open field prussian soldiers were drilling these things were all much more tempting than the rule of  participles at school .                                                                                                                       

  Que.3. Why did the villagers come to school that day. Why was it a surprise to franz ?        

Ans. The villagers came to school that day because they were sorry too, that they had not gone to school more.

It was their way of thinking their master for his forty year of faithful service.

Que.4. What does M Hamel say about the french language ?

Ans. M Hamel says about the french language that it was the most beautiful language in the world - the clearest and the most logical that we must guard it.

Que.5. Why did the grammar lesson seem so easy to understand for Franz that day ?

Ans. The grammar lesson seemed so easy to understand for Franz that day because Franz had never listened so carefully  otherwise M hamel had never explained before.

Que.6. Why was Franz sorry for not learning his french lesson ?

Ans. Franz was sorry for not learning his french lesson because he hardly know to write ,  he would never learn any more.

LOST SPRING

 QUE. 1. Explain: “For children, garbage has a meaning different from what it means to their parents. ”
Ans. Small children scrounge heaps of garbage. They expect to get some coin, note or valuable thing in it. Sometimes they find a rupee or even a ten rupee note. This gives the hope of finding more. They search it excitedly. For children, garbage is wrapped in wonder.
For the elders it is a means of survival. Thus, garbage has two different meanings.

QUE.2. Give a thumb-nail sketch of the “frail young woman” in the chapter ‘Lost Spring’.
Ans. The young woman is the wife of Mukesh’s elder brother. Her eyes are filled with the smoke of firewood. Though not much older in years, she commands respect as the daughter- in-law of the house. She adheres to customs and traditions. She veils her face before male elders. She gently withdraws behind the broken wall to do so.